ἀφαιρέω

ἀφαιρ-έω, [dialect] Ion. [full] ἀπαιρέω, [tense] fut. -ήσω: [tense] pf. ἀφῄρηκα, [dialect] Ion. ἀπαραίρηκα: [tense] aor. ἀφεῖλον, later inf.

A

ἀφέλαι GDI4940.35

(Cret.);

ἀφῄρησα Gal.11.121

:—take away from:—Constr.: mostly ἀ. τί τινι, σῖτον μέν σφιν ἀφεῖλε took it from him, Od.14.455, cf. A.Eu.360 codd., etc. (but also, relieve one of a duty, X.Cyr.7.1.44): less freq.

ἀ. τί τινος Ar.Pax 560

, X.Lac.4.7;

κῆρα χώρας A.Th.777

(lyr.);

ἔκ τινος Id.Eu.444

; also τινά τι prob. l. ib.360, S.Ph.933, v. infr. II. I, III: c. gen., take from,

τιμῆς οὔτ' ἀφελὼν οὔτ' ἐπορεξάμενος Sol.5.2

; μηδὲν ἀφαιρῶμεν τοῦ ἀδίκου (from the unjust man)

ἀπὸ τῆς ἀδικίας Pl.R.360e

; τοῦ πλήθους diminish the number, X.Vect.4.4: c. acc. only, ἀπελὼν τὰ ἄχθεα having taken them off, Hdt.1.80;

βασιλέων . . ὀργὰς ἀφῄρουν

took away,

E.Med.455

, cf.Ar.Pl.22,Ra.518.

2 set aside,

κρέα SIG 1044.41

(Halic., iv B. C.).

b exclude, separate,

τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν ὡς ἓν ἀπὸ πάντων ἀφαιροῦντες χωρίς Pl.Plt.262d

; opp. προστιθέναι, Id.Phd.95e, etc.

3 Math., ἀ. ἀπὸ . . subtract from, Euc.Ax.3 ([voice] Pass.), etc.; of ratios, divide out from both sides of an equation, Apollon. Perg.1.41 ([voice] Pass.); intercept, in [voice] Pass., Procl.Hyp.2.27.

4 in Logic, abstract, c. acc., Arist.APo.74a37, al.: abs., Id.Metaph.1030a33.

II [voice] Med., [tense] fut. ἀφαιρήσομαι (in pass. sense, v.l. for ἀπαιρε-θήσεσθαι, Hdt.5.35, cf. Antipho Fr.57), later

ἀφελοῦμαι Timostr.5

, Plb.3.29.7: [tense] aor. ἀφειλόμην, later

ἀφειλάμην Ph.2.586

, D.C.41.63, cf. Phryn.116: [tense] pf. ἀφῄρημαι (in med. sense) X.Cyr.7.5.79 (spelt

ἀφείρ- Sammelb.4309

(iii B. C.)):—from Hom. downwds. more freq. than [voice] Act., take away for oneself; also in reciprocal sense, ἀφαιρεῖσθον τύχην ye have received each the fortune of the other, E. El.928:—Constr. like [voice] Act., ἀφαιρεῖσθαί τί τινι, as

καὶ δή μοι γέρας . . ἀφαιρήσεσθαι ἀπειλεῖς Il.1.161

;

τί τινος 5.673

,691, 9.335, Th.3.58, Lys.24.13, etc. (also

τεύχεα . . ὤμοιϊν ἀφελέσθαι Il.13.510

);

τι πρός τινος E.Tr.1034

;

τι ἀπό τινος Ar.V.883

;

ἔκ τινος X.Cyn.12.9

: c. dupl. acc. rei et pers., bereave or deprive of,

μήτε σὺ τόνδ' . . ἀποαίρεο κούρην Il.1.275

, cf. Hdt.1.71, 7.104; freq. in [dialect] Att. and Trag., Lys. l. c., Th.8.74, D.20.46, etc.;

τέκνα ἀ. τινά E.Andr.613

, cf. Ar.Ach. 464: rarely c. acc. pers. et gen. rei,

ἀ. τὰς κύνας τοῦ εὑρεῖν X.Cyn.6.4

;

τῆς ἀρχῆς τινά Plu.Ant.60

;

τὴν Ἀμαζόνα τοῦ ζωστῆρος Paus.5.10.9

.

2 c. acc. rei, ἀ. ψήφισμα cancel or rescind, And.2.24; ἀφελομένης τῆς νυκτὸς τὸ ἔργον having broken off the action, Th.4.134;

ἕως κελαινῆς νυκτὸς ὄμμ' ἀφείλετο A.Pers.428

: abs., μέχρι σκότος ἀφείλετο (sc. τὴν δίωξιν) X.HG1.2.16;

ἀ. τὴν μνήμην πολλῶν ἀγαθῶν D.22.13

.

3 folld. by μή c. inf., prevent, hinder from doing,

τί μ' ἄνδρα . . ἀφείλου μὴ κτανεῖν; S.Ph.1303

, cf. E.Tr.1146; κἄκτεινας, ἤ τις συμφορά σ' ἀφείλετο [μὴ κτεῖναι]; Id.Andr.913; c. inf. [voice] Pass.,

τὸν τὰ ὕστερον ἀφείλετο ἀδικήματα εὐεργέτην μὴ ὀνομασθῆναι Paus.8.52.2

; c. inf. only, Pi.I.1.62: simply, obstruct,

ἀρχήν Pl.Lg.958c

.

4 ἀ. τινὰ εἰς ἐλευθερίαν, Lat. vindicare in libertatem, claim as free, Pl.Lg. 914e, Isoc.12.97, D.58.19, cf. Lys.23.10, Aeschin.1.62.

III [voice] Pass., [tense] fut.

-αιρεθήσομαι E.Hel.938

;

-ήσομαι Antipho Fr.57

: [tense] pf. ἀφῄρημαι, [dialect] Ion.

ἀπαραίρημαι Hdt.7.159

, etc.:—to be robbed or deprived of a thing, τι A.Ch.962 (lyr.), Hdt.3.137, etc.; τι πρός or ὑπό τινος, Id.1.70, 3.65, 7.159;

ἀφῃρέθην τὰ ἐνέχυρα ὑπό τινος D.47.41

; ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην had them taken out of my hands, E.Tr.486: c. inf., ἀφῃρέθη Σκίρωνος ἀκτὰς ὄμμα τοὐμὸν εἰσορᾶν was deprived of, hindered from seeing them, Id.Hipp.1207: less freq.

μηδὲν τοῦ ἐμοῦ ὄγκου ἀφαιρεθέντος ἀλλὰ σοῦ αὐξηθέντος Pl.Tht.155b

.

2 ὁ ἀφαιρεθείς, in Law, the person from whom a slave has been claimed, Id.Lg.915a.